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Analysis of intermittent demand

June 11, 2026 by
Analysis of intermittent demand
Leandro Santos


Intermittent demand is often marked by many periods of zero demand and occasional periods of non-zero demand, becoming a challenge for demand planners.

In this article, I examine the performance of four machine learning models — LSTM/RNN, SARIMA, XGBoost, and Croston — to estimate intermittent demand.

To evaluate these models, I conducted 40 rounds of time series simulations using two patterns:

  • 20 series based on a lognormal distribution (featuring several zeros and low demand values with a right tail of high dispersion) and


  • 20 series following a zero-inflated Poisson distribution (a very large number of zeros combined with a Poisson distribution with a low lambda).

The results indicate that the analysis of the coefficient of variation (CoV) of the series is a determining factor for the choice of planning strategy (MTS / MTO).

The article “Machine Learning Algorithms for Intermittent Demand” can be accessed and downloaded for free from the Academy:

Link: https://www.academia.edu/115121202/Intermittent_demand_analysis

Economic Order Quantity - EOQ